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Mathematics is a subject that often intimidates students, but understanding its fundamental concepts can unlock a world of possibilities. One such concept is the algebraic identity (a + b)², which has numerous applications in various fields. In this article, we will explore the power of (a + b)², its significance, and how it can be applied in real-life scenarios.
What is (a + b)²?
Before delving into the applications of (a + b)², let’s first understand what it represents. (a + b)² is an algebraic identity that expands to a² + 2ab + b². This expression is derived by multiplying (a + b) with itself.
Breaking down the expression, we can see that it consists of three terms: a², 2ab, and b². The first and last terms, a² and b², are the squares of the individual variables, while the middle term, 2ab, represents the product of the two variables multiplied by two.
The Significance of (a + b)²
The algebraic identity (a + b)² has significant implications in mathematics and beyond. Understanding its properties and applications can help solve complex equations, simplify expressions, and even aid in problem-solving in various fields.
1. Simplifying Expressions
One of the primary uses of (a + b)² is simplifying expressions. By expanding (a + b)², we can rewrite complex expressions in a more manageable form. Let’s consider an example:
Example 1: Simplify the expression (x + 3)².
To simplify this expression, we can expand (x + 3)² using the algebraic identity:
(x + 3)² = x² + 2(x)(3) + 3²
= x² + 6x + 9
By expanding (x + 3)², we have simplified the expression (x + 3)² to x² + 6x + 9, which is easier to work with.
2. Solving Equations
The algebraic identity (a + b)² is also useful in solving equations. It allows us to factorize expressions and find solutions to equations. Let’s consider another example:
Example 2: Solve the equation x² + 8x + 16 = 0.
To solve this equation, we can use the algebraic identity (a + b)². By comparing the given equation with the expanded form of (a + b)², we can identify the values of a and b:
x² + 8x + 16 = (x + 4)²
Now, we can rewrite the equation as:
(x + 4)² = 0
Since the square of any real number is always non-negative, the equation (x + 4)² = 0 has only one solution:
x + 4 = 0
x = -4
Therefore, the solution to the equation x² + 8x + 16 = 0 is x = -4.
Real-Life Applications of (a + b)²
The power of (a + b)² extends beyond the realm of mathematics. It finds applications in various fields, including physics, engineering, and computer science. Let’s explore some real-life scenarios where (a + b)² plays a crucial role:
1. Physics: Kinematics
In physics, kinematics deals with the motion of objects. The equation for displacement in kinematics involves (a + b)². Let’s consider an example:
Example 3: A car accelerates uniformly from rest at 2 m/s² for 10 seconds. What is the displacement of the car?
The equation for displacement in kinematics is given by:
s = ut + 0.5at²
Where:
s = displacement
u = initial velocity
t = time
a = acceleration
In this example, the car starts from rest, so the initial velocity (u) is 0 m/s. The acceleration (a) is 2 m/s², and the time (t) is 10 seconds. Plugging these values into the equation, we get:
s = 0(10) + 0.5(2)(10)²
= 0 + 0.5(2)(100)
= 0 + 1(100)
= 100 meters
Therefore, the displacement of the car after 10 seconds is 100 meters.
2. Engineering: Electrical Circuits
In electrical engineering, (a + b)² is used to simplify complex equations in electrical circuits. Let’s consider an example:
Example 4: Find the total resistance in a parallel circuit with resistors of 4 ohms and 6 ohms.
In a parallel circuit, the total resistance (RT) can be calculated using the formula:
1/RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2
Where:
R1 and R2 are the resistances of the individual resistors.
Plugging in the values, we get:
1/RT = 1/4 + 1/6
= (6 + 4)/(4 * 6)
= 10/24
= 5/12
To find RT, we take the reciprocal of both sides:
RT = 12/5
= 2.4 ohms
Therefore, the total resistance in the parallel circuit is 2.4 ohms.
Summary
(a + b)² is an algebraic identity that expands to a² + 2ab + b². It has significant implications in mathematics and various fields. By simplifying expressions and solving equations, (a + b)² helps in problem-solving and finding solutions. In real-life applications, (a + b)² is used in physics to calculate displacement and in
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